Yield of starch and its content in the grain of corn hybrids

Abstract

The article presents the results of assessing the content of starch in hybrid combinations of corn and the yield of starch per unit area. As a result of the study of experimental hybrids created on the basis of the VIR collection material, the selection and combination value of the initial material was revealed in terms of content in grain and yield per hectare of starch. The experiment included simple hybrids (30 combinations) obtained by a complete topcross cross scheme. Instead of crossbreeding the lines with each other, crosses were carried out with three common testers with a broad genetic basis (line, synthetic population). In the study, lines RSK 7, B 293 and a synthetic population of RNIISK 1 were used as testers. The interval of variation in the starch content in grain for the study period varied from low values to an average value and amounted to: in 2020 – 60,9 % to 65,2  %, in 2021 - from 59,3 % to 66,1 %. Lines with a high effect of GCA on the content of starch in the grain (H 46, Vz 6, Om 12, YuV 106), as well as hybrid combinations of YuV 25 / RSK 7 (63,3-64,2 %), KS 75 / RSK 7 (62,7-64,4 %), HLG 948 / RSK 7 (63,5-64,1 %), Kin 073 / RSK 7 (63,4-63,8 %), YuV 106 / RSK 7 (63,6-66,1 %), KS 25 / B 293 (63,0-63,5 %), HLG 182 / B 293 (63,5-63,6 %), KS 75 / B 293 (63,1 -63,5 %), HLG 182 / RNIISK 1 (62,9-63,6 %). The results of the study made it possible to identify experimental hybrids that form the highest yield of starch per unit area: HLG 182 / RSK 7 (3,12-3,58 t/ha), YuV 106 / RSK 7 (2,77-3,11 t/ha ), H 46 / B 293 (3,22-3,39 t/ha), Om 12 / B 293 (2,72-3,85 t/ha).