FRUIT QUALITY IN DIPLOID, TRIPLOID, SCAB IMMUNE AND COLUMNAR APPLE VARIETIES

Authors

  • Евгений Николаевич Седов Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding
  • Зоя Михайловна Серова Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding
  • Маргарита Алексеевна Макаркина Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding
  • Татьяна Владимировна Янчук Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.v0i4.448

Keywords:

apple, breeding, varieties, polyploidy, immunity to scab, chemical composition of fruits

Abstract

As a result of the long-term breeding activity and studies of new apple varieties of different ploidy, columnar type and immunity to scab, data on marketability of fruit (weight, appearance and flavor) and their biochemical composition are given. Among the 16 studied diploid varieties created as a result of rehybridization, the following apple varieties have been selected for high marketability and fruit weight: Morozovskoye, Orlovskoye Polosatoye and Radost Nadezhdy; Orlik, Orlovskaya Zaria and Pamiat Voinu have desert taste. For the first time in Russia at VNIISPK scab immune apple varieties with highly marketable fruit have been developed: Bolotovskoye, Pamiat Hitrovo and Ivanovskoye; with attractive appearance of fruit: Veniaminovskoye and Stroevskoye; with high taste qualities: Afrodita, Ivanovskoye, Imrus and Stroevskoye; with high content of sugars: Ivanovskoye, Kurnakovskoye and Pamiat Hitrovo; with high content of ascorbic acid: Ivanovskoye (19,5 mg/100 g); with high content of vitamin P (over 450 mg/100 g): Afrodita, Kandil Orlovsky and Pamiat Hitrovo. For the first time in the world a series of triploid apple varieties has been created from intervalent crossings. Triploid varieties having immunity to scab are of special value: Aleksandr Boiko, Vavilovskoye, Maslovskoye, Prazdnichnoye, Yablochny Spas, etc. Maslovskoye and Yablochny Spas stand out in high commodity of fruit; Prazdnichnoye – in particularly attractive fruit; Vavilovskoye, Rozhdestvenskoye, Zhilinskoye and Spasskoye – in high taste qualities of fruit. Among the columnar varieties Vostorg and Orlovskaya Yesenia have the largest fruit (170–200 g). It has been found that the fruit of triploid varieties significantly differ from diploid varieties in fruit weight.

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Author Biographies

Евгений Николаевич Седов, Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of the laboratory of Apple Breeding, Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. Russia.

Зоя Михайловна Серова, Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Leading Researcher of the laboratory of Apple Breeding, Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. Russia.

Маргарита Алексеевна Макаркина, Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the laboratory of Biochemical and Technological Assessment of varieties, Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. Russia.

Татьяна Владимировна Янчук, Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher of the laboratory of Apple Breeding, Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. Russia.

References

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Published

2018-04-24

Issue

No. 4 (2018)

Section

Естественные науки

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